Scientists have noted that exoplanets are usually only sought in the Zone of Zlatovlaski, which is the distance that the planet must have from its star in order to be "not too hot or too cold." In this zone, 5,000 exoplanet candidates have already been found, but none of them is like the Earth; they do not have enough water.
The explorer Masahiro Icoma of the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan has now modeled the formation of planets around red dwarfs and found that a small but visible percentage of these planets probably contains water, which makes them similar to the Earth. A model called JWST can be applied to any space site.
Too much water in the planet ' s atmosphere can lead to a greenhouse effect when the surface temperature is too high, no matter how far away the planet is from its parent star, and it also leads to a "water world" that has no land, which eliminates one of the important evolutionary ages that has passed through life on Earth, while on planets where there is too little water, there is no essential element of life and they can be similar to Mars, which has lost much of its liquid under the influence of the solar wind.
Scientists have noted that only a few percent of the planets emerging in the habitat area will have enough water to produce life on them, but this will save the scientific community from exploring each object separately and save tens of thousands of hours.
If these estimates are correct, planetary hunters such as TESS and PLATO will be able to locate some of them for the rest of the decade, and when found, JWST will be able to determine whether they have water in the atmosphere.
So far, planetary formation models have indicated that most planets are formed with either too much or too little water, especially near the most common type of stars in the galaxy — red dwarfs.